Scholar
GET /search?search_type=scholar
The Google Scholar Parameters are applicable when making a request with search_type=scholar to retrieve scholar results for a given search term. The search term is specified in the q parameter and the optional location parameter can be used to geo-locate the scholar request (locations can be retrieved via the Locations API).
For example, to request scholar results for the keyword rubifen in the location United States , the request would be:
The following parameters are available for all requests made when search_type=scholar .
Parameter | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
search_type | required | Should be set to search_type=scholar . |
q | required | The keyword you want to use to perform the Scholar search. |
location | optional | Determines the geographic location in which the query is executed. You can enter any location as free-text, but if you choose one of the Scale SERP built-in locations then the google_domain , gl and hl parameters are automatically updated to the domain, country and language that match the built-in location (note that this behaviour can be disabled via the location_auto parameter). |
location_auto | optional | If the location field is set to a Scale SERP built-in location from the Locations API , and location_auto is set to true (default) then the google_domain , gl and hl parameters are automatically updated to the domain, country and language that match the built-in location. Valid values are true (default) to enable this behaviour or false to disable. |
uule | optional | The Google UULE parameter - use to pass through a custom uule parameter to Google. Scale SERP automatically generates the uule when you use the location parameter but we allow you to overwrite it directly by specifying a uule directly. |
google_domain | optional | The Google domain to use to run the search query. View the full list of supported google_domain values here . Defaults to google.com . |
gl | optional | The gl parameter determines the Google country to use for the query. View the full list of supported gl values here . Defaults to us . |
hl | optional | The hl parameter determines the Google UI language to return results. View the full list of supported hl values here . Defaults to en . |
lr | optional | The lr parameter limits the results to websites containing the specified language. View the full list of supported lr values here . |
cr | optional | The cr parameter instructs Google to limit the results to websites in the specified country. View the full list of supported cr values here . |
page | optional | Determines the page of results to return, defaults to 1 . |
max_page | optional | Use the max_page parameter to get multiple pages of results in one request. The API will automatically paginate through pages and concatenate the results into one response. See the Pagination docs for more information. |
sort_by | optional | Determines how results are sorted, valid values are relevance or date . |
scholar_include_citations | optional | Determines whether to include citations or not when the search_type parameter is set to scholar . Valid values are true or false . Defaults to true . Drives the following option: |
scholar_year_min | optional | Determines the year from which results should be included when search_type=scholar . For example, if you set scholar_year_min=2018 the results before 2018 will be omitted. This parameter can be combined with the scholar_year_max parameter. |
scholar_year_max | optional | Determines the year from which results should be included when search_type=scholar . For example, if you set scholar_year_max=2019 the results after 2019 will be omitted. This parameter can be combined with the scholar_year_min parameter. |
scholar_patents_courts | optional | The scholar_patents_courts parameter can be used either as both a way of limiting the Scholar search or as a filter (this is due to how Google implements this parameter itself). As a Filter the valid values are: 0 (default) - include patents 1 - exclude patents As a way of limiting a Scholar search the valid values are: 4 - case law (US courts only). This will select all the State and Federal courts. To select specific courts, see the full list of supported Google Scholar courts . For example, scholar_patents_courts=4,33,192 4 is the required value and should always be in the first position, 33 selects all New York courts and 192 selects Tax Court. Values must be separated by a comma. |
scisbd | optional | The Scholar scisbd parameter can be set to 1 or 2 . |
Next Steps Google Scholar Results